After nearly a hundred years of preparation, Tang poetry finally ushered in its heyday.The poetry of the prosperous Tang Dynasty then picked up the strong wind, set off huge waves, and instigated the majestic majesty of the heaven and earth to reach the commanding heights of the Chinese poetry world. The reddest, brightest, hottest and most attractive sun in the ancient Chinese poetry world rose.During this short period of just over forty years, many figures who founded sects emerged from the changes of the times.Wang Wei, Wang Changling, Gao Shi, and Cen Shen, these poets who dominated the world, all stood side by side with Li Bai, the eternal giant in the poetry world, looked at each other and smiled, and each decorated the gardens of the prosperous Tang Dynasty with their colorful colors.
He Zhizhang, Zhang Xu, Zhang Ruoxu and Bao Rong were all from Jiangsu and Zhejiang.This area belonged to Wu County in ancient times and was also called Wuzhong, so people called them the Four Scholars of Wuzhong.They were all radiant at the time, but they have dimmed because they were obscured by the dust of the times. However, in addition to being tolerant, they all had one or two popular poems.Before listening to the heroic symphonies and pastoral symphonies of the great masters of the Tang Dynasty, reading the poems of these poets is like listening to a serenade, which is also a rare enjoyment.
He Zhizhang, also known as Jizhen, loved drinking, chatting and joking.He was a prime minister-level official, but in his later years he suddenly had a whim and became a Taoist priest.Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty once rewarded him with a corner of Jianhu Lake in Shaoxing to supplement his family income. This is where he spent his later years.Because of his wild and unrestrained nature, he calls himself Si Ming Kuang Ke.He and Li Bai were close friends.Li Bai said in the poem "Reminiscing about Wine and He Jian": There are crazy visitors in Siming, who are romantic and congratulate Jizhen.When we met in Chang'an, he called me an immortal.“Li Bai is a madman, and in Li Bai's eyes, He Zhizhang is a crazy and cute character. This can be imagined as a person.
”The owner does not know each other, so I am sitting in Linquan.Don't worry about selling wine, you will have money in your pocket.“ (《Title on Yuan Shi's Farewell Industry》) saw the beautiful woods and springs in someone else's garden, and even though he didn't know him, he went in to play in a big way. He also said that he had money to buy wine in his pocket, so he asked the owner not to worry about how to entertain him.His wildness can be seen from this poem.His most popular poem is:
When the young man left home and his elder brother returned home, his local pronunciation remained unchanged and his hair on his temples faded.Children who don't recognize each other laugh and ask where the guest is from.
It has been many years since I left my hometown, and recently the people have been half gone. Only the water of the mirror lake in front of my door, the spring breeze does not change the old waves.(《Two poems from my return home》)
The children dared to laugh and ask where the guests were coming from, and came up to make noises, which shows that the poet himself was also cheerful.He ”left home“ when he was young, and ”people have been busy lately. Only the water of Jinghu Lake is still the same as before, but there is no sadness at all.This not only shows his unrestrained character, but also reflects the stability of society and the heroic spirit of the times during the prosperous Tang Dynasty.
Zhang Xu was nicknamed Zhang Dian, named after his cursive script.His cursive script, Li Bai's poems, and Pei Min's sword dancing.At that time, they were also called "Three Jue"s.I can't see Pei Min's sword dance, so I can't talk about it.Comparing Li Bai's poems with Zhang Xu's cursive scripts, they are really unique. What makes them comparable is that they are both madmen, and they have both reached a state of naturalness and perfection in their respective fields.It is said that when he wrote cursive script, he would first get drunk, shout and run wildly, and then take advantage of the drunkenness to pick up the pen and write.
What the famous poet Li Qi said in "Gift to Zhang Xu" can confirm this: “ Zhang Gong is addicted to alcohol, open-minded and has nothing to do, he is a poor official, and he was called too dextrin at the time.Standing on the bed with the exposed roof, he shouted three or five times, sprinkled the plain wall when he was excited, and waved his pen like a shooting star.”Zhang Xu is from Suzhou, so jokingly calling him Taidextrin is just right.However, the few poems he left behind are not as wild as his cursive writing. Just like what is described in the poem - Peach Blossom Stream, there is a flying bridge faintly separated by wild smoke, fishing boats on the west bank of Shiji, and peach blossoms in the sun.Follow the flowing water, where is the cave on the Qingxi River?%In the light smoke, I could vaguely see a towering bridge in the distance, but I still couldn't find the place I was looking for.The poet came to a big rock protruding from the water and asked the fisherman who was rowing his boat: The peach blossoms flowed from the peach blossom garden and flowed everywhere in the green stream. How can people follow the flowing peach blossoms to find the peach garden?Woolen cloth?Judging from the surface information, it just means that the poet came to visit the Peach Blossom Spring. Although he could not find the entrance to the cave, he was not in a hurry.This is a poetic journey, a search for poetry.But we follow the poet's footsteps.Look for it again.Where do the peach blossoms tumbling with the water waves in Qingxi River come from?“Looking at Kongyun Mountain in the distance, where can I find the peach garden?This peach blossom land shrouded in clouds and mist is a place, but it is more like a state that one wants to achieve in life.Therefore, from a deeper meaning, this is philosophical tourism.It is a profound philosophical thinking.”The flying bridge is faintly separated by wild smoke, and fishing boats are on the west bank of Shiji.The peach blossoms follow the flowing water all day long. Where is the cave in the green stream?%
Zhang Ruoxu's life story is unknown, except that he was from Yangzhou.He only handed down two poems.But - Spring River Flower Moonlight Night - is a famous poem that has been recited from ancient to modern times."Spring River with Flowers and Moonlight Night" was originally composed by Chen Houzhu, a famous emperor in the Southern Dynasties. He even composed a tune at that time that can be sung.Later, both the lyrics and music were lost.Zhang Ruoxu's poem - Spring River with Flowers and Moonlight Night - borrows old inscriptions to write new poems, and borrows old bottles to bottle new wine.This poem describes the poet's various emotions and imaginations about missing his hometown Yangzhou on the bank of the Yangtze River in the second month of the lunar calendar.In Tang poems, the broad surface of the lower reaches of the Yangtze River is also called the sea. Therefore, the tide of the Spring River here is even with the sea, and the bright moon on the sea rises with the tide. Although it refers to the sea, it refers to the vast Yangtze River.The poem starts from five aspects: spring, the Yangtze River, the flower forest, the bright moon and the night, weaves and combines various images derived from them, and repeatedly chants the nostalgia that cannot be wiped away.
Spring River Flower Moonlight Night
The spring river tide reaches the sea level, and the bright moon rises on the sea.The twinkling waves follow the waves for thousands of miles, but there is no moon on the spring river!
The poet looked at a river of spring water flowing eastward.The moon rises from the broad river surface, reflecting the glittering river waves, showing a clear picture.As soon as the poem is written, it renders a vast, hazy and transparent night scene, which seems real and illusory, making people face the infinite time and space, as if they suddenly entered a state of weightlessness, and entered a deep state of seeking enlightenment.From the moonlight flowing thousands of miles with the waves, the poet thought that the river would last forever, the moonlight would last forever, but life is so short, so he continued to sigh with emotion:
The river flows around Fangdian, and the moonlight shines on the flowers and forests like sleet.Frost is flying in the sky unknowingly, and the white sand on the pavilion cannot be seen.The river and the sky were completely dustless, and there was only a solitary moon in the bright sky.Who by the river sees the moon for the first time, and when does the moon on the river shine on people for the first time?Life has been endless from generation to generation, and the river and moon look alike every year. I don’t know who the river and moon are waiting for, but I see the Yangtze River sending flowing water.
The sky and water are vast and dustless, with only this lone moon wandering endlessly in the infinite universe.Who did the moon first illuminate?Who are you going to see?Although the series of human life is endless, the moon of the past cannot be seen today, and the moon of this month once illuminated the ancients. Generations of people have disappeared, and only the rolling Yangtze River is still flowing.This feeling of endless life and limited work did not get out of hand and fall into an inescapable situation, because the poet lived in the Tang Dynasty after all, and there was the possibility of finding development opportunities, so he only stopped there.Next, the context of the poem changes to the traditional lovesickness of a wanderer missing his wife.
The white clouds are slowly disappearing, and the green maple pond is full of sorrow.Whose family is cheating tonight?Where do I miss Mingyue Tower?The poor moon is wandering upstairs, and it should be seen in the makeup mirror.The jade door curtain cannot be rolled up, and the clothes anvil (zhēn) is smashed and brushed back.
At this time, we look at each other but don't hear each other. I hope that the moonlight will shine on you.The swans fly long and fast, and the fishes and dragons dive and jump into the water.Last night, I dreamed of falling flowers in the pond, but it was a pity that I didn’t return home in the middle of spring.The spring water flowing in the river is gone, and the moon has set in the river pool and is setting in the west (the ancient Chinese characters read xiá, xié is a tone compiled in modern times).The slanting moon sinks and hides the sea fog, and the stone Xiaoxiang has infinite roads.I don’t know how many people are returning by the moon. The falling moon shakes the trees all over the river with love.
